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 The modern kitchen fully corresponds to its purpose - it is a cooking room equipped with the necessary equipment and special furniture. The appearance of the kitchen has undergone significant changes in recent years.
With the improvement of the layout of apartments, the layout of the kitchen also improves, its dimensions increase, and more and more favorable conditions are created for maintaining impeccable cleanliness and order in it - the main requirement of food hygiene.
The saturation of the kitchen with equipment (best of all, complex) speeds up and facilitates the work of housewives, makes it comfortable.
A modern kitchen should be equipped with at least a stove, a sink or sink, a work table-cabinet, a refrigerator, cabinets for storing kitchen utensils, utensils and dishes, as well as dry food.
It is better if the sink, work table, stove are placed in close proximity to each other, at an equal height, making up one common surface.
Rational placement of kitchen equipment largely ensures the hygiene of food preparation, greatly facilitates and speeds up the work of a housewife.
We are not able to expand the kitchen area in our apartment at our own will, we are far from always able to re-plan it, but it is within our capabilities to make this room more convenient, arrange furniture and place kitchen equipment in such a way that it is easier to maintain cleanliness and order.
A kitchen in a separate small apartment is sometimes used both for its intended purpose and as a dining room. This combination allows, as it were, to expand the area of living rooms, to free them from some furniture (dining tables, sideboards or sideboards). Living rooms in this case acquire a more attractive appearance. The savings in time and labor are also significant, which is achieved by significantly reducing the number of trips from kitchen to dining room and vice versa.
In modern residential construction, preference is given to the kitchen-dining room, in which, in addition to the above equipment, you can place a dining table and chairs.
In small kitchens, it is most advisable to use built-in tables, as well as folding and folding tables.
Instead of chairs, it is better to use stools that can be placed under the table, freeing up space. Kitchen stools of beautiful shape and bright colors are on sale.
Built-in kitchen furniture is undeniably preferable to any other. In this case, specialists take care of its compact and rational placement, since the dimensions of all items correspond to the area of the kitchen.
Furniture kitchen sets and individual pieces of kitchen furniture are on sale. Domestic sets of kitchen furniture in composition and size correspond to the layouts of kitchens in typical apartments, which cannot always be said about imported furniture sets. Therefore, before buying, you need to accurately measure the walls and, only after making sure that the furniture fits well, purchase it.
In many cases it is more expedient, especially for a small room, to order Furniture for kitchen in special workshops, and for those who have even a small degree of carpentry skills, make some items themselves. The task is to use not only every meter, but also every ten centimeters of the kitchen area in the most convenient and economical way, taking into account its height.
In general, with a limited kitchen area, it is necessary to reasonably use the walls on which hinged shelves or cabinets are placed (the latter are more beautiful, more convenient, more hygienic). However, it should be remembered that in no case should you hang a cabinet or a wooden shelf above the stove.
Above the stove, you can only hang a metal shelf on which metal kitchen utensils are stored.
It is very good to install an air cleaner above the stove, designed to clean the air from the smells of cooked food. This modern appliance fits perfectly into kitchen furniture sets.
Rational design, harmony of proportions, clarity and simplicity of form - all these are the components of the visual appeal of kitchen furniture and equipment. Utility, the most complete compliance with their purpose - the decisive condition for their beauty.
Smooth surfaces without any decoration, without carving, fancy handles, etc. are not only pleasing to the eye, but also hygienic. Nitro enamel and polyester varnish are used to cover kitchen furniture. The working surfaces of the cabinet lids are lined with plastic - an easy-to-clean durable material. Chrome-plated metal fittings.
Depending on the area of the kitchen, the equipment is installed either along one wall or along two adjacent walls at an angle to each other. Placement on two opposite walls is less advisable.
When combining a kitchen with a stovetop, the work table and sink should be installed on one wall, freeing up the opposite one for the dining room and for the refrigerator.
Sinks or cast iron enamel sinks with one bowl are installed in small kitchens. In a large kitchen, it is better to have a double sink with a partition and two bowls: they rinse in one dish, rinse in the other.
It is advisable to supplement the sink with a wall-mounted drying cabinet, in which the washed dishes are placed, or, in extreme cases, with a metal dryer.
A convenient device is a cabinet equipped with a sink. In one compartment of this cabinet you can store a bucket for food waste, in the second - tools and cleaning supplies.
It is recommended to store tableware and dry food in the cabinet above the work table; in the cabinets of the desktop - large kitchen utensils - a meat grinder, potato peeler, vegetable cutter, pans; in the drawer of this table, divided by four partitions, there are sets of knives, forks, spoons, canned food opener, corkscrew etc.
For convenient work in the kitchen, a rational arrangement of natural and artificial lighting is necessary.
It is good if the hostess's desk is illuminated from the window on the left side or from the front. It is also recommended to illuminate it with electric bulbs. The light should fall on the surface of the table, so bulbs protected by a visor or lampshade are most convenient. Recently, fluorescent lamps are increasingly used to illuminate the kitchen table, sinks, stoves: they are stronger and consume four times less energy than conventional lamps.
It is advisable to place the second light source at the dining table. However, it should not be illuminated with fluorescent lamps - they give food and ready meals a pale, very unappetizing look. Here you can use a lamp with a lampshade, lowered from the ceiling, or a sconce if the table is close to the wall.
A modern kitchen is equipped with electrical appliances and mechanisms and therefore requires at least 2 outlets.
Cleaning the kitchen. The kitchen area must be thoroughly cleaned every day: wash the floor and stove, tiles at the stove and sink, clean the burners and devices under the burners, wash the work table and sink with hot water. Take out a bucket of food and rubbish daily, even twice a day in the summer months. The rubbish bin is washed with a special brush with hot water and soap.
General cleaning of the kitchen should be done twice a month. With such cleaning, they sweep the walls and ceiling with a clean rag wound on a brush with a long handle, wash doors and windows with warm water, wipe them with a special glass composition, wash lampshades and light bulbs, and thoroughly clean and wash the stove inside and out.
Unproductive effort is wasted if items that have to be used repeatedly during operation are too high or low.
Correct placement of wall cabinets along the height of the wall is an essential condition for their convenient use.
It is known that it is most convenient when the top shelf of the cabinet is located no higher than 1.80-1.85 m from the floor. Determination of height depends on the height of the hostess. If she can get the items she needs from the top shelf without standing on a stool, then the cabinet is hanging correctly.
It is also convenient for working at the table that a distance of 0.5 m is maintained between the table surface and the bottom of the cabinet. Heavy and bulky kitchen utensils should be placed on the lower shelves.
All that has been said about the rational arrangement of the kitchen in individual apartments can be attributed to the kitchen of a communal apartment. With good neighborly relations, much can be done to improve the common kitchen. All or almost all of the equipment suitable for use in the kitchens of individual apartments is also applicable here.
Of no small importance is the decoration of the walls and floor of the kitchen.
In places where dishes are washed, food is washed and cleaned, food is boiled, i.e. near the sink, stove and work table, the best wall covering is glazed tiles. This material is quite durable and easy to wash and clean - which means it is kept spotlessly clean.
If the sink, the work table and the stove are located on the same wall, it is advisable to cover the entire wall with such tiles, and paint the opposite one, where the corner of the dining room is located, to the top (or up to 2 m high) with oil or enamel paint in light shades.
The best covering for a kitchen floor is linoleum or plastic in light colors.
During general cleaning, all utensils and utensils must be removed from the cabinets, wipe the inside of the cabinets with a damp and then dry cloth, place all things in their places, and then rinse the outer surface of the cabinets with warm water and dry thoroughly. During general cleaning, glazed tiles are washed with hot water and soda.
Walls covered with paint are washed at least 1-2 times a year with warm water and soap.
The kitchen area must be well ventilated. In the summer months, metal nets or frames with gauze stretched over them can be used to protect against dust and flies. The nets are cleaned with a brush as they become dirty, and the gauze is washed.
Impeccable cleanliness in the kitchen is an indispensable guarantee against domestic insects and pests. Fighting these vectors of many infectious diseases, preventing them from entering the home is one of the first requirements of sanitation.
There are also pest control chemicals on the market. The labels usually have directions on how to apply them. It is best to seek the help of special disinfection bureaus, which most effectively destroy cockroaches, flies and rodents.
Suyunshalieva B.Kh. Poultry dishes
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