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 All living things in nature require a constant supply of food. Some of the simplest plants and animals have the ability to freeze when there is insufficient nutrition, in order to revive again under favorable external conditions.
In higher organisms, nutrition cannot be stopped without harm to the individual, and only the reserves accumulated in the body do not allow him to die immediately.
 Our body is not the same as it was yesterday and will be tomorrow - its organs and tissues are in a state of continuous renewal: they are destroyed and created again. In the figurative expression of a famous scientist A. M. Kuzina, it is like a mountain stream, which seems to us the same today as yesterday, although yesterday's waters have long since flowed away, and more and more inflowing waters support its existence. So in a living organism, there is a rapid flow of substances.
Food is necessary for a person to warm the body and maintain its constant temperature, for muscle work, for the activity of the heart, lungs and other organs. Food is an energy and building material for our body.
For a seventy-year life, a person eats about 100 thousand kilograms of food. According to conservative statistical estimates, a person spends about six years eating.
IN "Medical book" famous roman poet Seren Simonic wrote:
Those who consider the stomach to be the master of our body,
It seems to me that the opinion is based on fairness.
So, if he acts flawlessly, all organs are strong,
If he is sick, then disturbances arise in them.
So since ancient times, people have understood the enormous importance of food in human life.
They saw proper nutrition as a source of health, strength, vigor and beauty.
All life processes occurring in the body, in one way or another, depend on the nature of the diet. Our health largely depends on how healthy we eat. Nutritional science has amassed a wealth of data on the relationship between health status and dietary habits.
 Improper diet is the leading cause of obesity. They say that fullness first arouses envy, then laughter and finally sympathy. In fact, as the professor rightly noted A. A. Pokrovsky, all degrees of excessive completeness should cause condolences, because obesity is a disease. Often, with obesity, general weakness, lethargy, weakening of the body's resistance to infections, and decreased performance are noted. According to statistics, being overweight (all other things being equal) leads to a reduction in life expectancy. People who are thin or of normal weight live on average longer than obese people. In most cases obesity accompanied by various complications from the heart, blood vessels, liver and a number of other organs. 90% of patients with hypertension are overweight. Those who are overweight should not forget this!
In many countries of the world over the past 50 years, diseases of the cardiovascular system have become more frequent. The development of these diseases is to some extent related to the nature of the diet. The main role in the occurrence of atherosclerosis, this, according to the apt expression of the famous French scientist Bisha, "Rust of life", have cholesterol metabolism disorders. Foods that are overly saturated with fat, etc. cholesterol, can contribute, under certain conditions, to the development of atherosclerosis. Observations in different countries show that where food is rich in animal fats, atherosclerosis is more frequent.
So, in the cities of Sweden amount of cholesterol in the blood of the majority of the population is higher than in the cities of Italy.This, apparently, is due to the fact that approximately 40% of food calories in Sweden falls on animal fat, while in Italy it is eaten half as much, but vegetable oils are used significantly more. A survey of residents in a number of countries (Denmark, Spain, etc.) revealed a significantly higher frequency of atherosclerosis of the cardiac vessels among the wealthy segments of the population, whose diet is high in fat.
However, the content of cholesterol in tissues depends not only on the amount of it in food. Recent studies have found that it is easily synthesized in the body from metabolic products. Moreover, the amount of cholesterol synthesized in the body is 2-4 times higher than the amount supplied with food. Therefore, in the disorders of cholesterol metabolism and the development of atherosclerosis, first of all, any excess in nutrition, especially in combination with a sedentary lifestyle, is to blame.
Studies carried out by the Institute of Oncology of the Academy of Medical Sciences indicate a kind of "geography of cancer". So, for example, cancer of the esophagus in Karelia, Astrakhan and Murmansk regions, Buryatia, people get sick relatively more often than in other places. Some unreasonable customs and habits turned out to be common for such regions, which are so different in their geographical location and climatic characteristics. First of all, it is an increased addiction to too hot food. Many residents of these areas prefer to eat soup and drink tea when they are heated to 70 degrees or more. It is impossible, of course, to equate this or that bad habit and the development of cancer, but some connection is undeniable.
Many examples could be cited indicating that life processes in the body are highly dependent on how a person's nutrition is built from the first days of his life. Reasonable nutrition helps to maintain health, prolong life, improper nutrition can damage health, lead to various diseases. Therefore, it is no coincidence that a prominent hygienist G. V. Khlopny called proper nutrition the basis of national health.
 However, in order for the nutrition of the population to be built on a truly scientific basis, the care of the state must be complemented by the efforts of each of us. Those who believe that the only conditions for proper nutrition are appetite, money and food are mistaken. Life experience and numerous observations show that it is not enough to have enough food or use the services of a good dining room. One must be able to use these opportunities correctly, and this requires appropriate knowledge.
Modern science considers nutrition to be correct only if it is balanced. This means that according to the ratio of the main nutrients, the diet should be built taking into account age, profession, state of the body, climatic and other conditions.
Therefore, everyone should be familiar with the advice and recommendations that have been developed by the science of nutrition, should learn to eat right so that food brings the most benefits.
Research has been carried out by the Institute for Health Education in order to establish how widespread knowledge about nutrition is among the population and to what extent it is applied in daily life.
I had to make sure that misconceptions, prejudices and misconceptions often interfere with proper nutrition. Many are still not sufficiently familiar with the basic rules of nutrition, and those who know them do not always follow them.
It seems like trifles: today do not have breakfast, tomorrow will be 2-3 hours late with lunch, but have a very dense dinner, rarely eat vegetables because of "dislike" fish, dairy products or vegetable fats, sometimes abuse spicy and salty foods, etc. But such "trifles", added together, can lead to serious consequences. Every, even insignificant, disturbance in nutrition from day to day undermines the health of a person in the end, lowers the stamina and working capacity of the body.
L. V.Baranovsky - 5 mistakes in our diet
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