School student clothes

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School student clothesNot all parents know how to properly dress their children. Some people are not even aware of the importance of clothing for a child's well-being.

The main feature that distinguishes the child's body is continuous all-round development. A child is not a miniature adult. Many processes in his body are carried out differently, he reacts differently to many external influences.

Cold affects a child faster and stronger than an adult. This increased heat transfer is associated with a special ratio between the surface of the body and its mass.

The skin of children is thinner than that of adults, and thanks to a more developed network of capillaries and their greater lumen, more blood flows to it. This also contributes to cooling. The blood circulation in an adult takes 20-22 seconds, in a teenager - in 18, and in a child - in 15 seconds.

More frequent contact of the blood flowing to the skin with the external environment creates the possibility of quick and greater cooling of children in winter and overheating in summer. Finally, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the very process of regulation of the activity of blood vessels in children is less perfect than in adults.

That is why it is necessary to dress children so that the dress protects them well from the cold and does not burden them in the heat.

The student's clothes require special attention. A dress that restrains movement or is too loose, very warm or very cold causes discomfort in children, irritates, tiresome, makes them inattentive, scattered in the classroom at the end of the school year, when it is already warm outside.

In 1953, uniforms were introduced in the country's schools, which are worn by millions of children from September to May-June. Does this school uniform meet all hygiene requirements? Unfortunately not.

School student clothesAs studies carried out at the Institute of General and Communal Hygiene of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR have shown, there are especially many shortcomings in the form of boys - students of the elementary grades.

Most children wear a tank top and underpants under their uniforms. Thus, a significant surface of the body is in direct contact with outerwear, which absorbs skin secretions, and is gradually contaminated with them. Heavily contaminated clothing, in contact with the delicate skin of the child, irritates it, contributes to the occurrence of skin diseases.

Institute staff interviewed 600 schoolchildren. It turned out that in most cases the uniform is washed only once or twice a year. Of course, this is very small. But it should be borne in mind that frequent washing of woolen fabrics leads to their shrinkage, the fibers become tough and coarse, to a large extent losing their heat-shielding properties.

To keep school uniforms from getting dirty, boys should wear long-sleeved shirts and underpants during the cold season; girls are advised to wear long-sleeved blouses under the dress.

For linen, it is better to select soft fabrics: braids, cotton crepe, rosin. They absorb skin secretions well, do not stick to the skin.

As our observations have shown, the temperature of classrooms fluctuates by 2-3 degrees during the lesson, and even more from the beginning to the end of the lesson. The temperature of the classroom and the corridor varies within 5-10 degrees.
The state of the children is also different: complete rest during the lesson is replaced by stormy movement during recess.

Woolen fabric is the best protection against temperature fluctuations.

Woolen cloth is undoubtedly good for the uniform of a middle-aged and older student, but for younger students it turns out to be too heavy, tough and rough. After all, a child of 7-8 years old still has poorly developed muscular apparatus, and the skin is thin, tender and easily vulnerable.

The cut of clothing is of no less hygienic importance than the choice of fabric. It should correspond to the height and figure of the child, have as few buttons, belts, fasteners as possible, so that the first grader learns early to dress and undress independently.

Most boys dressed in tunics have to wear two belts: one on their trousers, the other on a tunic. This is absolutely unacceptable, because tightening the abdomen with two belts and the pressure of the buckle dramatically disrupts the normal functioning of the abdominal organs.

Why not have the trousers held in place by the suspenders? Then the shoulder girdle would become the main support of the clothes, which, of course, is much better. Suspenders should be a must-have in boys' school uniforms.

About a third of middle-aged and older schoolchildren wear tunics and jackets with a standing collar. These collars are usually narrow, often stiff and rough. When reading and writing, when the child has to tilt his head, the standing collar squeezes the neck, and therefore the large blood vessels passing through it, disrupting normal blood circulation. Due to insufficient blood supply to the brain, headaches appear, fatigue sets in, and efficiency decreases. That is why it is so common to see schoolchildren with their collars unbuttoned. But is this a way out?

In addition, standing collars strongly pamper the skin of the neck, isolating it from the outside air and suppressing vascular reactions, and this predisposes to colds... The style of the collar of the tunic and tunic should have been changed.

It is necessary to ensure that the guys do not sew celluloid collars to the collar. They are tough, do not absorb skin secretions at all, and prevent air exchange between the skin surface and the outside air.

It is completely unacceptable for children to wear rubber bands on stockings. And yet this is practiced very often. Even in boarding schools, all girls and most boys wear round, often very tight elastic bands. By compressing the leg, they interfere with normal blood circulation.

There is no need to prove the simple truth that in different seasons you need to dress differently. So why should schoolchildren wear the same woolen clothes in winter and summer? Why shouldn't they also wear a uniform dress - light, free, beautiful in the warm season? This would eliminate overheating of children, improve their well-being, and increase efficiency.

Life itself prompts the need to develop new hygienic requirements for the uniform of schoolchildren, to create durable, comfortable, elegant clothes for our children that would not hinder movement, reliably protect both from the cold and from excessive heat, the children would like it, and would be worn with pleasure. The task is big and very important. Light industry workers, artists, fashion designers, parents, teachers, doctors should be involved in its resolution.

Doctor 3. O. LAPSHINA, "Health" magazine, 1957


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